ASTM E82-1991(2007) 测定金属晶体取向的标准试验方法
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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminingtheOrientationofaMetalCrystal
【原文标准名称】:测定金属晶体取向的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTME82-1991(2007)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1991
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E04.11
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:晶体;金属;方位;试验;测定
【英文主题词】:backreflectionLaueX-ray;hyperbolicchart;metalcrystal;orientation;polarchart;standardprojection;X-raydiffraction
【摘要】:Metalsandothermaterialsarenotalwaysisotropicintheirphysicalproperties.Forexample,Young’moduluswillvaryindifferentcrystallographicdirections.Therefore,itisdesirableornecessarytodeterminetheorientationofasinglecrystalundergoingtestsinordertoascertaintherelationofanypropertytodifferentdirectionsinthematerial.Thistestmethodcanbeusedcommerciallyasaqualitycontroltestinproductionsituationswhereadesiredorientation,withinprescribedlimits,isrequired.Withtheuseofanadjustablefixedholderthatcanlaterbemountedonasaw,lathe,orothermachine,asinglecrystalmaterialcanbemovedtoapreferredorientation,andsubsequentlysectioned,ground,orprocessedotherwise.Ifgrainsofapolycrystallinematerialarelargeenough,thistestmethodcanbeusedtodeterminetheirorientationsanddifferencesinorientation.1.1Thistestmethodcoverstheback-reflectionLaueprocedurefordeterminingtheorientationofametalcrystal.Theback-reflectionLauemethodfordeterminingcrystalorientation(1,2)maybeappliedtomacrograins(3)(0.5-mmdiameterorlarger)withinpolycrystallineaggregates,aswellastosinglecrystalsofanysize.Themethodisdescribedwithreferencetocubiccrystals;itcanbeappliedequallywelltohexagonal,tetragonal,ororthorhombiccrystals.1.2Mostnaturalcrystalshavewelldevelopedexternalfaces,andtheorientationofsuchcrystalscanusuallybedeterminedfrominspection.Theorientationofacrystalhavingpoorlydevelopedfaces,ornofacesatall(forexample,ametalcrystalpreparedinthelaboratory)mustbedeterminedbymoreelaboratemethods.ThemostconvenientandaccurateoftheseinvolvestheuseofX-raydiffraction.The"orientationofametalcrystal"isknownwhenthepositionsinspaceofthecrystallographicaxesoftheunitcellhavebeenlocatedwithreferencetothesurfacegeometryofthecrystalspecimen.Thisrelationbetweenunitcellpositionandsurfacegeometryismostconvenientlyexpressedbystereographicorgnomonicprojection.1.3Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:H24
【国际标准分类号】:77_040_99
【页数】:13P.;A4
【正文语种】:
【原文标准名称】:测定金属晶体取向的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTME82-1991(2007)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1991
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E04.11
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:晶体;金属;方位;试验;测定
【英文主题词】:backreflectionLaueX-ray;hyperbolicchart;metalcrystal;orientation;polarchart;standardprojection;X-raydiffraction
【摘要】:Metalsandothermaterialsarenotalwaysisotropicintheirphysicalproperties.Forexample,Young’moduluswillvaryindifferentcrystallographicdirections.Therefore,itisdesirableornecessarytodeterminetheorientationofasinglecrystalundergoingtestsinordertoascertaintherelationofanypropertytodifferentdirectionsinthematerial.Thistestmethodcanbeusedcommerciallyasaqualitycontroltestinproductionsituationswhereadesiredorientation,withinprescribedlimits,isrequired.Withtheuseofanadjustablefixedholderthatcanlaterbemountedonasaw,lathe,orothermachine,asinglecrystalmaterialcanbemovedtoapreferredorientation,andsubsequentlysectioned,ground,orprocessedotherwise.Ifgrainsofapolycrystallinematerialarelargeenough,thistestmethodcanbeusedtodeterminetheirorientationsanddifferencesinorientation.1.1Thistestmethodcoverstheback-reflectionLaueprocedurefordeterminingtheorientationofametalcrystal.Theback-reflectionLauemethodfordeterminingcrystalorientation(1,2)maybeappliedtomacrograins(3)(0.5-mmdiameterorlarger)withinpolycrystallineaggregates,aswellastosinglecrystalsofanysize.Themethodisdescribedwithreferencetocubiccrystals;itcanbeappliedequallywelltohexagonal,tetragonal,ororthorhombiccrystals.1.2Mostnaturalcrystalshavewelldevelopedexternalfaces,andtheorientationofsuchcrystalscanusuallybedeterminedfrominspection.Theorientationofacrystalhavingpoorlydevelopedfaces,ornofacesatall(forexample,ametalcrystalpreparedinthelaboratory)mustbedeterminedbymoreelaboratemethods.ThemostconvenientandaccurateoftheseinvolvestheuseofX-raydiffraction.The"orientationofametalcrystal"isknownwhenthepositionsinspaceofthecrystallographicaxesoftheunitcellhavebeenlocatedwithreferencetothesurfacegeometryofthecrystalspecimen.Thisrelationbetweenunitcellpositionandsurfacegeometryismostconvenientlyexpressedbystereographicorgnomonicprojection.1.3Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:H24
【国际标准分类号】:77_040_99
【页数】:13P.;A4
【正文语种】:
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